Demand response is a research area focused on managing and reducing electricity consumption during periods of high demand or high prices. This involves incentivizing consumers to adjust their electricity usage through programs such as time-of-use pricing, smart appliances, and automated systems that can dynamically adjust energy use in response to grid conditions. Demand response aims to improve grid reliability, reduce energy costs, and lower overall energy consumption. Studies in this field typically examine the impact of demand response programs on energy consumption patterns, grid stability, and consumer behavior.